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Msgr. Bux: «Benedict XVI’s Reform» – Forordet

Forordet til msgr Bux’ bok er skrevet av Vittorio Messori, kjent for å ha skrevet det boklange intervjuet med kardinal Ratzinger i 1985: The Ratzinger Report: An Exclusive Interview on the State of the Church.

Han skriver i forordet at han vokste opp i en agnostisk familie, men fant troen da han var litt over 20 år, i 1964 (les om det her). Men så ble han ganske så forbløffet over hva som skjedde med liturgien rett etter at han selv fant Kirken:

… I caught the tail-end of history. Only a few months later, I would find the altars reversed and some new kitschy piece of junk made of aluminum or plastic brought in to replace the “triumphalism” of the old altars, often signed by masters, adorned with gold and precious marble. But already for some time I had seen—with surprise, in my neophyte innocence—guitars in the place of organs, the jeans of the assistant pastor showing underneath robes that were intended to give the appearance of “poverty”, “social” preaching, perhaps with some discussion, the abolition of what they called “devotional accretions”, such as making the Sign of the Cross with holy water, kneelers, candles, incense. I even witnessed the occasional disappearance of statues of popular saints; the confessionals, too, were removed, and some, as became the fashion, were transformed into liquor cabinets in designer houses.

Everything was done by clerics, who were incessantly talking about “democracy in the Church”, affirming that this was reclaimed by a “People of God”, whom no one, however, had bothered to consult. ….

Before judging its merits, let me repeat, it must be said that this reform came down from the clergy; the decision was handed down to the “People of God” from above, being thought out, realized, and imposed on those who had not asked for it or who had accepted it only reluctantly. There were some among the disoriented faithful who “voted with their feet”, that is to say, they decided to do other things on Sunday rather than attend a liturgy they felt was no longer theirs.

But, as a novice in Catholic matters, there was another reason for my stupor. Not having had particular religious interests “previously”, and being a stranger to the life of the Church, I knew that the Second Vatican Council was in progress from some newspaper headlines but did not bother to read the articles. So I knew nothing about the work and the long debates, with clashes between opposing schools, that led to Sacrosanctum concilium, the Constitution on the Liturgy, which was, among other things, the first document produced by those deliberations. Along with the other conciliar acts, I read the text “afterward”, when faith had suddenly irrupted into my life. I read it, and, as I said, I was left surprised: the revolution I saw in ecclesial practice did not seem to have much to do with the prudent reformism recommended by the Council fathers. ….

In short, I could not put the contrasts together: the fanatics of the ecclesial democracy were undemocratic: imposing their own ideas on the “People of God” without concern for what the “People” thought, isolating and ridiculing the dissidents. And the fanatics of “fidelity to the Council”—and they were almost always the same people—did not do what the Council said to do or even did what it recommended not to do.

Decades have passed since then, and what has taken place in the meantime is well known by those who follow the life of the Church. Well, what troubled many often saddened me, too, but it did not, as I said at the beginning, touch my confidence in the Church. It has not touched that confidence because the abuses, the misunderstandings, the exaggerations, the pastoral mistakes were those, as is always the case, of the sons of the Church, not of the Church herself. …. The conciliar document on the liturgy — the real one, not the mythical one — is an exhortation to reform (Ecclesia semper reformanda), but there is no revolutionary tone in it, insofar as it finds its inspiration in the considered and, at the same time, open teaching of that great pope who was Pius XII. After Scripture, Pius XII is the most cited source (more than two hundred references) of Vatican II, which, according to the black legend, intended to oppose the very Church he represented. ….

It was, in other words, a confidence that times would come like those described—with obligatory realism but also with great hope—by Father Nicola Bux in this book. The recent past has been what it has been; the damage has been massive; some of the rearguard of the old ideologies of “progressivism” still boldly proclaim their slogans; but nothing is lost, because the principles are very clear; they have not been scratched. The problem is certainly not the Council but, if anything, its deformation: the way out of the crisis is in returning to the letter, and to the spirit, of its documents. The author of the pages that follow reminds us that there is work to be done to help many minds that—perhaps without even knowing it—have been led astray. We must help them recover what the Germans call die katholische Weltanschauung, the Catholic world view. It is not by chance that I use the German, as everyone knows where that Shepherd comes from who did not expect that ascension to the papacy to be woven into his story as a patient and “humble worker in the vineyard of the Lord”. If I put the reference to patience in italics, it is because it is one of the interpretive keys to the magisterium of Benedict XVI, as this book will also underscore. …

Msgr. Bux: «Benedict XVI’s Reform» – Innholdsfortegnelsen

Jeg skrev for noen dager siden om msgr. Nicola Bux’ bok om liturgien: Benedict XVI’s Reform. The Liturgy between Innovation and Tradition. Nå har jeg lest halvveis gjennom den, og kommer de neste dagene til å presentere noe av innholdet. Første selve innholdsfortegnelsen:

I. THE SACRED AND DIVINE LITURGY
The Liturgy: The Place Where God Meets Man
The Liturgy: “Heaven on Earth”
Rediscovering the Courage for the Sacred
Signs Evoke and Point to the Mystery
The Importance of Tradition
The Liturgy as Rule of Faith

II. THE ONE TO WHOM WE DRAW NEAR IN DIVINE WORSHIP
Looking upon the Crucified Lord Orients Worship and the Heart
The Eucharist as Essence of Christian Worship
In Him We Have Been Made One
Christ Is the True Celebrant

III. THE BATTLE OVER LITURGICAL REFORM
The Liturgy Must Be Understood Again in Every Generation
The Reform Proposed by the Council and Its Implementation
Paul VI’s Corrections

IV. THE POPE CALLS A CEASE-FIRE
The Motu Proprio’s Key Doctrinal and Disciplinary Points
A Little History
Misinterpretations of the Papal Action

V. THE ECCLESIAL CRISIS AND THE DISINTEGRATION OF THE LITURGY
Ecclesial and Liturgical Continuity
The Missal of Pius V Was Not Abrogated
Two Theories Originating from Biblicism

VI. HOW TO ENCOUNTER THE MYSTERY
The Priestly Service
The Participation of the Faithful
Looking upon the Cross
The Sacrality of the Church Building

VII. A NEW LITURGICAL MOVEMENT
Liturgical Formation
Translations and the Case of the Pro Multis
The Council, Latin, and Gregorian Chant
With the Patience of Love

P. Nicola Bux forsvarer den nye prefekten for Troskongregasjonen

P. Nicola Bux, en konservativ teolog som jeg har nevnt her på bloggen flere (14) ganger (skriv Bux i søkefeltet, så kommer innleggene opp) har kommet med et forsvar av erkebiskop Müller. Det er Rorate cæli som som har oversatt et intervju med p Bux fra italiensk (se her) til engelsk, der det bl.a. står:

In 2002, Müller, in his book «Die Messe – Quelle des christlichen Lebens» [The Mass – Source of the Christian Life], speaking of the Eucharistic Sacrament, writes that, «the body and blood of Christ do not mean the material components of the human person of Jesus during his lifetime or in his transfigured corporality. Here, body and blood mean the presence of Christ in the signs of the medium of bread and wine.»

It was precisely in Capernaum that the terms used by Jesus, flesh and blood, were misunderstood as anthropomorphic and the Lord had to reiterate their spiritual sense, which does not mean that its presence is less real, true, and substantial. See the Catechism of the Catholic Church regarding this. Saint Ambrose says that it is not the the element formed by nature, but the substance produced by the formula of consecration: its very nature is transformed, so body and blood are the being of Jesus. The Tridentine Council says that in the Eucharist Our Lord, true God and true man, is «substantially» present. He is sacramentally present with his substance, a mysterious mode of being,admissible on faith and possible from God.

St. Thomas [Aquinas] had said that the mode of «substance» and not the «quantity», characterizes the presence of Christ in the sacrament of the Eucharist. The bread and wine as a species or appearances mediate our access to the «substance», something that happens especially in communion. All the same, the Tridentine Council sees no contradiction between the natural way of the presence of Christ in heaven and his sacramental being in many other places. All this was reaffirmed by Pope Paul VI in his Encyclical Mysterium Fidei, unfortunately forgotten. The senses are not enough, but faith is required from us. It is a mystery of the faith.

On Protestantism and the salvific unicity of Jesus, Müller said, in October 2011: «Baptism is the fundamental sign that sacramentally unites us in Christ, and which presents us as the one Church in front of the world. Thus, we as Catholic and Evangelical Christians are already united even in what we call the visible Church.»

St. Augustine defended against the Donatists the truth that baptism is an indestructible bond, which does not abolish fraternity among Christians, even when they are schismatics or heretics.

Unfortunately today debate is feared in the Church, but moves on theses and ostracism of those who think differently. I refer to theology, of course, in which different opinions may be acceptable.

However, doctrinal development benefits from debate: who has more arguments, convinces. In the charges against Bishop Müller, there is extrapolation from the context: it is easy to condemn anyone like this. A true Catholic must trust the authority of the Pope, always. In particular, I believe that Benedict XVI know that he does. And I would like to renew to the Society of St. Pius X the invitation to trust the Pope.»

Og i en av kommentarene på Rorate cæli står det ganske interessant: «Abp Muller seems perfect for this position. He is tough against the extreme liberals … and he is tough against the extreme conservatives …» Jeg må selv si at jeg ikke uroer meg over utnevnelsen, og jeg tror også pave Benedikt vet hva han gjør.

Msgr. Nicola Bux om «reform av reformen»

Msgr. Nicola Bux er rådgiver for paven i liturgiske spørsmål, og har nylig uttalt seg om pave Benedikts uttrykk «reform av liturgireformen» – hvordan går det med den? Les mer av intervjuet på Rorate Cæli (der man også tar opp hvordan reaksjonene til denne reformen er blant biskoper og prester rundt om i verden):

With this expression, which Ratzinger used when he still was the Cardinal Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, he meant that the reform that took place after the Council had to be resumed, and in some ways corrected there where, always using his words, the restoration of the painting had been too much, that is, by trying to clean, it had taken the risk of removing too many layers of color.

He started this restoration through his own style. The Pope celebrates the liturgy in a subdued, not loud, way. He also wants the prayers, songs, and anything else not to be in exhibitionist tones. And two special actions in his liturgies that are obvious should be noticed: he places the Cross between himself and the assembly, indicating that the liturgical rite is addressed … to Christ; and kneeling in the reception of Communion, indicating that this is not a supper, in the worldly sense of the word, but a communion with the body of Jesus Christ, that is worshiped first, in the words of St. Augustine, and only then eaten. …

Jeg har også tidligere nevnt msgr. Nicola Bux

Når jeg ser gjennom min gamle blogg, ser jeg at jeg der har nevnt msgr. Bux flere ganger i 2008 og 2009:

I mai 2008: Om konselebrasjoner.

I august 2008: Kunsten å feire liturgien.

I oktober 2008: Om bibellesningene i messen.

I oktober 2009: Presentasjon av hans bok: La riforma di Benedetto XVI

Les gjerne disse interessante innleggene.

Msgr. Nicola Bux – et stort alterkors må være sentrum i messefeiringen

I intervjuet med msgr. Bux (ser her) kan man også lese hva han mener om alterkors:

… having the cross at the center of the altar is a way to bring to mind what the Mass is. I do not speak of a “miniature” cross but of a cross such as can be seen. The dimensions of the cross should be proportional to the ecclesial space. It should be brought back to the center [of the altar], aligned with the altar, and everybody must be able to see it. It should be the focal point of the faithful and of the priest, as [the former Cardinal] Joseph Ratzinger says in his Introduction to the Spirit of the Liturgy. It should be in the center, independently of the celebration, even if it is Mass “facing the people.” I insist on a cross that is clearly visible. Otherwise, what is the use of an image that cannot be sufficiently profited from? Images refer to the prototype. We all know that historically there have been those who were against the use of images, for example Epiphanius of Salamis, or even the Cistercians; however, the cult of images prevailed at Nicea II in 787, on the foundation of what Saint John Damascene said: “The image recalls the exemplar.” This is still valid for our so-called Civilization of the Image. In an era in which vision has become the favored medium of our contemporaries, it does not suffice to have a little cross that lies flat or an illegible “sketch” of a cross, but it is necessary that the cross, along with the figure of the Crucified, be clearly visible on the altar, regardless of the angle from which it is viewed.

Msgr. Nicola Bux om den tradisjonelle messen – den bør feires i hver menighet

Et intervju med pave Benedikts nære medarbeider, Msgr. Nicola Bux, fra april i år er nylig oversatt til engelsk, og kan leses i sin helhet HER.

Der sier han mye interessant om messen, bl.a. sier han at den bør feires over alt, i alle domkirker, ja i hver menighet – slik at denne gamle tradisjonen på en organisk måte får påvirke vår våte å tenke om messen på. Slik svarer han på et spørsmål om det gamle offertoriets offerfokus:

The old Offertory rite spoke eloquently to mankind about God, using profound expressions about the sacrificial power, about the nature of the Mass as a sacrifice offered to God. Can a correction in this sense be considered for the new rite [of Mass]?

It is important that the old Mass (also called the Tridentine rite but more appropriately the “rite of Gregory the Great”) become [better] known, as Martin Mosebach has recently said. This Mass received its form already under Pope Damasus and afterwards, in fact, under Gregory [the Great], and not under Saint Pius V. The only thing Pope Pius V did was to make some adjustments and to codify what already existed, retaining the enrichments of earlier centuries and putting aside what had become obsolete. With that understood, we can consider this rite of Mass, an integral part of which is the Offertory. There have been many papers written by great scholars on this subject and many have asked themselves whether it would be opportune to bring back the old Offertory, which you mentioned. However, the Holy See alone has the authority to act in this way. It is true that the logic which dictated the liturgical reform after the Second Vatican Council led to a simplification of the Offertory, because it was thought that there were several [alternative] forms of offertory prayers. In this way, the two prayers of blessing with a Judaic flavor were introduced. The secret prayer remained and became the “Prayer over the Gifts”; also the “Orate, fratres,” and those were considered to be more than sufficient. However, this simplicity, which was understood as a return to the purity of the origins, collides with liturgical tradition, with the Byzantine tradition, and with other Oriental and Occidental liturgies. The structure of the Offertory was seen by the great commentators and theologians of the Middle Age as the triumphal entry of Christ into Jerusalem, Who goes to be immolated in a sacrificial offering. It is for this reason that the offerings are already called “holy” and that the offertory was of great importance. The modern simplification, which I have described, has led many people to demand the return of the rich and beautiful prayers of the “Suscipe, sancte Pater” and the “Suscipe, Sancta Trinitas,” to mention only a few.

However, only through a wider diffusion of the old Mass will this “infection” of the new Mass by the old be possible. Therefore, the reintroduction of the “classical” Mass – if you will allow me the expression – may be a factor of great enrichinment. It is necessary to facilitate a regular Sunday [festiva] celebration of the traditional Mass, at least in every cathedral of the world, but also in every parish. This would help the faithful get used to Latin and to feel themselves part of the Catholic Church. And as a practical matter, it would help them participate in Masses held during international gatherings at [various] shrines. At the same time, I think we have to avoid re-introducing things “out of context.” By this I mean that there is a an entire ritual context connected with the things expressed [by the prayers], which cannot be brought back simply by inserting a prayer; a more complex kind of work is involved here.

Msgr Nicola Bux skriver om liturgien: La riforma di Benedetto XVI

Det svenske, katolske nettidsskriftet Katolsk Observatör har oversatt et intervju med msgr. Nicola Bux, som i starten av oktober kom ut med en bitande skarp bok, La riforma di Benedetto XVI (Benedikt XVI:s reform), som gör rättmätig boskillnad mellan en nödvändig reform och revolution. Ett sådant vinkling kan hjälpa till att öppna vägen för den liturgiska fred som påven önskar. I Italien har boken väckt våldsam debatt. Hur blir det i Frankrike? Vi hoppas att samma sak kommer att ske här och initierar nu debatten genom att publicera nedanstående exklusiva intervju.

Det er et langt og svært interessant interju og jeg tar her bare med litt (og oppfordrer leserne til å lese hele intevjuet HER):
… jag ägnat hela tredje kapitlet åt ”slaget om den liturgiska reformen”, och detta slag har utkämpats två gånger, först gången under Andra Vatikankonciliet och därpå efter konciliet. Skälet till konflikten är tolkningen av liturgin. Är den – liksom själva tron som kyrkan äger – i kontinuitet med traditionen eller utgör den ett brott? Det parodoxala ligger i att nyskaparna använt sig av urkyrkans modell för att ge stöd åt sin uppfattning att liturgin behövde förnyas, och det har traditionalisterna också gjort, men dessa har gjort det för att lämna saker och ting i det tillstånd som var. Vi befinner oss inför samma ”synd” i det ena och det andra fallet: den att betrakta det som är äldre som något omgivet av särskild pietet (”arkeologism”) (som något man vill fasthålla till varje pris utan hänsyn tagen till den helige Andes verkan, ö.a.) och som redan påven Pius XII avslöjade i Mediator Dei (1947). …

… … Alltsedan ursprunget och fram till våra dagar, firar prästen i den östliga kyrkan mässan ad Dominum och människorna har aldrig trott att han vänder ryggen mot dem! Hur kan vi lyda ”sursum corda”, det vill säga vara riktade mot Gud, om prästen är mitt emot oss och tar upp all vår uppmärksamhet? Det är mycket svårt ur psykologisk synvinkel. Vi kan tänka, liksom påven gör, att tron och bönen återfinner den riktiga orienteringen om Korset på nytt sätts i centrum, och prästens och de troendes uppmärksamhet riktas mot det. Och vi kan tillägga att om mässfirarna börjar vända sig ad Dominum så är detta även en ekumenisk gest gentemot den ortodoxa kyrkan!

Man tuller ikke med sakramentene

Ei ny bok ble nylig presentert i Roma med denne tittelen; på italiensk «Con i Sacramenti non si Scherza». Forfatter er msgr Nicola Bux, og ved bokpresentasjonen var flere viktige teologer og geistlige til stede. Flere av disse uttalte seg svært negativt om liturgiske trender i dagens Kirke, kardinal Sarah sa bl.a.: «As Pope Benedict XVI repeatedly pointed out, in the decades since the Council we have witnessed deformations of the liturgy which are hard to bear, in a never-ending crescendo.» Og: «In the church today there is too much man and not enough God”.

Fr. Anthony Ruff på liturgibloggen PrayTell syns denne massive kritikken av dagens liturgi er overdrevet og lite nyttig, og sier bl.a.:

Cardinal Burke had his own bit of gaudium and spes to add to the occasion: there has been a “deformation of the sacraments in the name of creativity” since the Council. It appears that sacraments have become “private property” in some communities. But “Christ is the protagonist, not the priest.”

The cardinals are not entirely wrong, in my view. Sure, lots of things have gone wrong with the liturgy since the Council – lots of silliness, tackiness, misunderstanding, failed experiments, and all the rest. Might as well admit that. But overall, the cardinals’ diagnosis of the situation misses the mark. Their proposals are unhelpful and could even end up doing more harm than good. I think there’s an attitude problem here. Such unrelenting negativity does not help build up the church. ….

Let’s talk about creativity. It often feels to me like Cardinal Burke, and people like him, are fighting yesterday’s battles. So much of the misplaced creativity since Vatican II, which probably peaked sometime back in the 70s or so, has long since calmed down. If one were to trek around and sit in on lots of parish liturgies, I suspect one would find more of the opposite problem, especially among younger clergy: a rigid and off-putting ritualism, a formality that feels contrived – which is deadly to the true liturgical spirit, and a legalism that gets lost in minutiae and sometimes excludes and hurts people. Rather than focusing on yesterday’s problems, it would be more forward-looking to deal constructively with today’s. Let’s talk about ascendant tendencies now that merit critique and need some gentle redirection.

Burke is on to something when he says that the priest is not the protagonist, Christ is. But I observe that there are two ways for the presiding priest to draw attention to himself: by being a game show host, and by conspicuously imposing his Tridentine piety on the community’s liturgy.

Furthermore, instead of just railing at silly creativity (and I’m capable of that too – my personal liturgical tastes can tend toward the elitist and elegant), why don’t we talk about why it went off the rails at times? A little understanding and empathy would be helpful.

Liturgisk konferanse i Roma

sacra_liturgia_2013

I dag (torsdag) er det tredje dag av en viktig liturgisk konferanse i Roma; Sacra Liturgia 2013. Blant foredragsholderne er det fire kardinaler, fire biskoper, to abbeder, prester, professorer og andre. Slik ser listen ut; Antonio Cardinal Cañizares Llovera, Walter Cardinal Brandmüller, Malcolm Cardinal Ranjith, Raymond Leo Cardinal Burke, Archbishop Alexander Sample, Bishop Dominique Rey, Bishop Marc Aillet, CSM, Bishop Peter Elliott, Abbot Jean-Charles Nault OSB, Abbot Michael John Zielinski OSB Oliv., Monsignor Ignacio Barreiro, Monsignor Andrew Burnham, Monsignor Stefan Heid, Father Uwe Michael Lang, Cong. Orat., Fr Paul Gunter OSB, Dr Guido Rodheudt, Don Nicola Bux, Dom Alcuin Reid, Professor Tracey Rowland, Dr Gabriel Steinschulte, Professor Miguel Ayuso, Mr Jeffrey Tucker

Det liturgiske programmet viser at både den tradisjonelle og den nye liturgien brukes, nesten like mye. Slik leser vi:

The conference will open with solemn vespers and conclude with solemn first Vespers of Saints Peter and Paul, Exposition of the Most Blessed Sacrament, Te Deum and Benediction. On the first and second full days of the conference two solemn celebrations of the Mass will be organized, one according to the Missale Romanum 2002 another according to the Missale Romanum 1962. Celebrant and Preacher at Holy Mass according to the Missale Romanum 2002 – 18h30 Wednesday 26th June: Solemnity of St Josemaria Escrivà – Antonio Cardinal Cañizares Llovera. Celebrant and Preacher at Holy Mass according to the Missale Romanum 1962 – 18h30 Thursday 27th June: Votive Mass De Ssmo Eucharistiæ Sacramento – Walter Cardinal Brandmüller. Participants have the option of celebrating the feast of Saints Peter and Paul with the Holy Father in St Peter’s Basilica on the morning of Saturday, 29th June. The conference secretariat will request tickets for those who wish to attend.

Father Z. deltar på konferansen, og har skrevet en liten oppsummering av hva som skjer hver dag. Les referatene hans: dag 1dag 2dag 3.

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